Pcanoqbapit co



W. S. WELLS.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FlLED APR. 25. |918.

Patented Oct. 21, 1919.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2- Arron/ vin Winks-m 'rma COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co.WASHINGTON. D, L

W. S. WELLS.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED A| R.25. 1918.

Patented Oct. 21, 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

` n @Il l 4 TRNEY The caLUMBxA PLANounxPH CO., WASHINGTON. D. c.

W. S. WELLS.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED APII.25, |918.

Patented 06f. 21, '1919,'

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

. S. WELLS.

Loom. APPLICATION FILED APR.25|VI9I8.

Patented Oct. 21, 1919.

6 SHEETS-SHET 5.

n. .N, N H ww. xm W5 N t m t W. S. WELLS` LOOM.

APPLICATKON FILED APR.25. 191B.

6 SHEETS-sneer e.

Patented Oct. 21

Hw NHAJN WILLIAM WELLS, or soUrH BETHLEHEM, PENNSYLVANIA.'

LOOM;

. IApplication iiled April 25, 1918. Serial No. :230;661.

To all @nimm z't may concern Be it known that l, WILLIAM S. WELLS,

a citizen of the United States, resid-ing at- South Bethlehem, in thecounty of Lehigh and State of Pennsylvania, have invented vcertain. newand useful Improvements lin Looms, of which the following is 4aspecilication.

rlhis invention relates to looms, and it cons-ists in certainimprovements vdesigned especially for the weaving of more or lesstightly woven and heavy material,z-such as bel'ting, where the shuttlevor equivalent is best carried, and not merely thrown, through the shed'and the :beating-up 1action best involves quite Ia sharp blow to'laythe filling properly up to the )fell of the clot-h. Besides includingnovel means, :answering these requirements, for passing -the fillinginto the shed and Athen beating it up, my invention comprehend-slcertain other .novel features, among which may 'be mentioned .a iillingreplenishing means and a :harness motion. f

In the accompanying drawings,

.Figure l is a front elevation of the im- :proved loom; A l

Figs. 2 and 3 left and right side Aelevations, respectively;

Fig. 4 a plan.;

Figs. and 6. sectional views on the yline V5 motion in two differentapositions.;

`F ig. f1' is :an enlarged fragmentary Vfront elevation,illustratin-gA,the :shuttle 'carrying and zlil'ing replenishing meansand a apart of the harness motion; i K

S -i-s Aa sectional view iofthes'huttle carrieron'line '8 8, Fig. 7*;

Figs. 19and 10 are-sectional viewsof said carrier on line 19-'9 Fig '7,showinga cer- '.tain part -two `Adifferent positions.;

Fig. ll is a fragmentary -side elevation :illustrating the filling.replenishing means;

Fig. V12 'is a plan view :of :one :of the :shuttles, open.;

'Fig 13 is a trans-verse sectional lview lof said shnttle,open, thellinp'gpackage being Iremoved; Y

.'Fig 14 is a transverse sectional eview of 'specificata-unf Lettersraient. 1 Patnd 5, i, showing parts 1of the harness I oct. 21 191e,

in'place; Y .Fig l5 1s .a longitudinal .sectional view noit the shuttle.and nece/irren, the `detector thereof being in position 'for the proper.instrumentalities to. ,accomplish filling-replenishingl's Y 1G ,shows.the .receiverifnytizansverse section; and y Y y Y Fig. 1.7 is .alongitudinal sectional view xoff the filling package, ythe detectorfbeingfshown retracted. v s v y i The frame includesapair ofsidestandards 4e-a .and .two other "standards J-b projectilatera-llyfrom (in the present-caser) -the rightqhand side @standard u( Theseueral standards .are suitably braced as shown in said shuttle, closed,withzthe tpackage i the drawings., some of the bracing parts .be- Yingfhereinafter indicated. Y y y,

{Ln-brackets projecting fromrfthe lrear standard b is jounnaled sahorizontal dinive shaft -c,j.aind sin biiacketsjproiecting Vfrom both:standards l) is l{jonrnaled :a horizontal :shaft-fl., shatts @and d:beingat right zangles to .each `other f'and connected by ,bevel gearinge so as to rotate at the same speed. 1n ibracket-s proj ecti'ngv fromthe standards b lthere is also journaled -a ca-m shaft, f ,parallel withshaft d .and connected with the latter, so as Ito rotate ata speedratioo-f l ,to .2, by i.the gearing g. y l Y Each shaft .c d is a `part of a1means xfor translating a rotary motion `into its-reciprocating motionYin which the speed .at ione'of the limits-of the latter ,motion .will,be .relaftively quick. Thus, 'zi-s.a ,face lplate on ithe leftl'hand-end of shaft c; i is a pitman .-pivoted `to -a wrist .pinj .onthe faceplate; and vZ: a lever fulcrnmed in `one of ithe vsideAstandards -a-and ,pvoted fto ,-a stud AZ .on .the

pitman, Vthe :length of iStlie-pitman (.from ,j #to JZ.) approximatingShut preferablysomewhat `*exceeding the lrad-ius yfrom -`the 4center of=the ace plate ,tolj. Associated with `.the .shaftdqin a'relationcorrespondingto that of the ,partsh to Z (.fj=ust.mentioned)are the similarparts-t, -z" y", cand l.

The lines A-., iB-,C-A-,in lFigs .Land 2 fdenote the elevations assumedfby the points Zfand Z at ethe highest, lowest .and either midwaypositions of the wrist pins j j', respectively, in one cycle ofrotation. The point Z (or Z) obviously performs its downward-and-backmovement, between C and D, faster-l than it does its upwardand backmovement, between y-C and A, thei'flrst or downward half of the formermovement.

being further an appreciably accelerating one-up to a point near'thelimit of such movement. The means described are therefore well adaptedto produce, in effectalai.

roller m is j ournaled at the front of the side standards a a and aguide roller n' is journaled above it; Abracket 0 is fulcrumed in saidside standards between the rollers m and n, and in it are journaled therollers p, Q, the latter of which bears on the former; a spring 7'normally presses the bracket upwardly. The cloth extends over roller n,around the sand roller m, and then between rollers p and q; in coactionwith the let-olf mechanism, thesand roller preserves the desiredtension, roller g, by being held by spring r pressing yieldingly againstthe cloth between m and n, permitting-the giveand-take incident to theopening and closing of the shed. The sand roller shafts carries at Voneend a worm wheel t which engages with a worm wheel u on ashaft o,journaled in the frame', which carries a ratchet wheel w' and on whichis fulcrumed a lever m connected with lever le by a link y and equippedwith a pick awl z engaging the ratchet wheel.

` 2 is the warp beam and 3 the whip roll journaled at the back of theloom, the warp beam being provided with some suitable rotation resistingmedium, preferably a strap f1 which engages its periphery and has theend thereof corresponding to the.

direction in which the beam rotates connected to thev frame by thespring 5 and the other lend wound around and suitably secured to thepulley 6 having a weighted arm 7 Y yBeating-uy? merma-The lay or hattenstruct-ure, as herein shown, includes a singlelay-sword 8 fulcrumed on across shaft 9 connecting the standards a.. Its head or lay proper hasthe reed 10 suitably secured thereto, as by bolts or screws 11 (Fig. 2).The lay-sword is connected with a'lever 12 by the pitman 13,` said leverbeingY fulcrulned on a cross-shaft 14, connecting the side frames a, andbeing connected with the stud Z by the link'l; adjustment. of the throwof the lay-sword may be effected by shifting the connections between 12and held depressed by a spring 23, and these levers are respectivelyconnected with the harness frames 18 by the pitmen 251-24. To obtain thealternate rise of the harness frames I employ the following mechanism:

' Suspended by a universal joint 25 from the lever /c is a lifting hook26 arranged between the levers 21-21 andY having a hook or stirrup 27 oneach side thereof so that it is adapted to lift either lever on beingswung sidewise. The lifting hook is normally pressed to the left by aspring 27 attached to a horizontal plate 28 in an opening in which thelifting hook plays sidewise (Figs. 2, 3 and l), and may be pulled to theright by a cam 29 on the cam shaft against which bears a lever 30,suitably fulcrumed in' the frame and connected with a bellcrank lever 31by the pitman 32, the bellcrank lever being connected with the liftinghook by the spiral spring 33. The shafts (l and rotating at a speedratio of 2 to l,

'it will be seen that upon every other lifting movement of the liftinghook (there being vone such movement following each beatingup movementof the lay) the lifting hook will be shifted by spring 27 into positionto lift the left-hand jack 21 and upon the remaining movements will beshifted from (ram 29 into position to lift the right-hand jack 21. Thusthe harnesses rise and fall alternately, the weave produced in thepresent case being a plain tabby.

Shuttles-The type of shuttle used includes a cylindrical shell 34,closed at both ends exceptas hereinafter noted, having approximatelyhalf of Yits cylindrical wall vforming -a hinged cover and having a bow35 on the other half provided with superposed eyelets 3G; projectinginwardly from one Side of the 'bow is a novel tension device in the form`of a helical spring 37 fitted at one end over a stud 33 on the bow andhaving at its free end a guilding eyelet 39. The thread extends from thefilling package through one eyeletl 36 then through the eyelet 39 andthen through the other eyelet 36, the spring 37 obviously yielding topreserve the tension uniform. Adjoining the bow the shell 3l has anopening 34 through which the thread extends. At its right-hand end theshell has a headed stud 3S, its head being formed conical or rounded; at'the `other end the shell has 'a hole y38. The. core of the fillingpackage is a tube 41 longitudinally slotted andk containing athrustpinor detector 42 which a spiral spring 43, also contained in the tube,tends to cause to protrude from a suitable hole 43 in. the left-handendv of the tube and (when the tube is housed in the shell, with itsends resting in sockets 44 provided therefor therein) from'the hole 38of the shell. The detector has a beveled iin 45 protruding from the slotof thetube. When the tu'beis wou-nd with filling' the detector is heldretracted (Fig. 17) thereby, it being allowed to protrude fr0-m theshell only when the filling has been so far used up that it no longercan resist the pressure of the spring 43.

Picking motion and ZZz'f/ig replenishzng-f-At the left ofthe loom,opposite the front standard is a magazine consisting of two uprights 46`upstanding` .from a bracket 47 bolted to the frame, the same havingvertical ways 48 in their adjoining faces and the front one having slits49 (Fig. 11) entering to its way. The magazine is open at the top andbottom, and into i-t from the top is adapted to be entered a stack ofreceivers .each carrying a shuttle and constructed as follows: The baseof each receiver is a flat rectangular block 50 which engages at itsvertical edges in the ways 48, preferably having itsl two forwardcorners beveled, as shown in Fig. 11. Projecting from the inner face ofthe block is a socket 511 of a diameter to reecive, more or less snugly,the left-hand end of a shuttle. The socketr has a spring-pressed shoe 52to bear against said end of the shuttle and holdA the latter byslip-.friction therein. lThe block has a hole- 53 through which theshuttle detector 42 may protrude.

The shuttle-carrier comprises a horizontal y transverse rod 54 adaptedto reciprocate in brackets 55 on the front standard b and a cylindricalsocket. 56 secured to the lefthand end yof said rodland slotted at thefront to accommodate the bow of the Shuttle. The right-hand end of therod is suitably connected to the picking stick 57 which is connectedwith stud Z by the link l58. There is always one receiver (the Vlowestin the stack) directly opposite the shuttlecarrier. Fullcrumed in thesocket 56 and in anY arm 59 carried by the rod 54 (Figs. 7 to 10) is alocking rod 60, the end of which Awithin the socket forms a crank 61to-interlock with the head of stud 38 on the shuttle; the locking rodalso carries a forked crank 62 which embraces rod 54 (so that Itherocking movement of the locking rod is limited) and which is connectedb-y the spring 63 .with arm 59 so that crank 61 is normally held inposition to interlock Vwith stud 38. Back of the shuttle carrier thereis fulcrumed on front standard ak cam-shoe 64 ing of the shed theshuttle-carrier performs a thrust to the left and (locking-rod 60 beingthen uninflu-enced by the shoe) receives the waiting shuttle in itsIsocket and, the interlock or coupling being effected by crank 61 ridingyover the conical end of the stud 38 and engaging back of it, carries itY to the right. Beating up again occurring upon the shuttle havingcleared the shed at the right, on the next opening of the shed theshuttle-carrier performs another thrust to the left and back, at itsleft-hand limit leaving the shuttle deposited in the receiver due toshoe 64 this time rocking the lockingrod and holding it so that itscrank 61'can` not interlock with the shuttle stud. n other words, onitsv alternate thrusts the .shuttlecarrier picks up and carries, theshuttleto the right andfback, and on the remaining thrusts leaves itdeposited in the' receiver.

The stack of receivers isl supported by one or the other of a pair ofthrust checksf?Y 1 sliding in the slits 49 ofthe magazine and pivoted atthe oppositel ends of arocker 72 which is fulcrumedin a bracket 73project.- i

ing from the magazine (Fig 3) andv has a ynotched arm 74; a spring 75coiled about the upper check between a collar thereon and the magazineholds the partis 71 7 2 normally in the position shown in Figi 11, wherethe lower check protrudes into the magazine and supports thereceiver-stack. 1f the arm 74 be depressed 'the' 'withdrawal of thelower and introduction'Y of theupper check will obviously result in thelowest receiver beingV allowed to fall Vfromjthe magazine (76, Fig. 2,being adho'ppe'r to re? ceive it) while the remainder of the stackstands supported by the; upper check; on the return movement of therocker, the remainder of the stack will fall into engagement withand besupported by the lower check. The first of these movements of the rockeris effected by a hook 77 having a universal connection 78 with a crank79 on a rock-shaft 80 journaled in suitable bearings at the left oftheframe, said hook being normally pressed back, so as not to catch thearm, 'by a light spring 81. The

rock-shaft has a crank'82, which, Vby alink 83, is connected with alever 84 engaging a cam 85 on shaft f. The hook moves down and back onevery other pick of the loom (t. e., when the shuttle remains in itsreceiver) and so long as the filling lasts 1t descends without actuatingthe checks, thus: A two-armed lever 86-87, the arms of which areyieldingly connected by the spring 88 so that one can swing withoutmovement of the other, is fulcrumed on the stud 89 projecting laterallyfrom the magazine (see F ig. et). The inner arm 86 of this lever playsacross the hole 53 of the lowest receiver (Fig. 11) and if the detectorof the corresponding shuttle projects from said hole said arm will beprevented thereby from descending with the other arm. There is a bendforming a cam-face 90 in the hook so situated that if the hook descendswhile the arm 86 is thus prevented from descending the hook will becammed over, and so carry down with it, the arm 74 of the rocker, butwill remain clear of said arm 8G if the latter also descends. The lever86--87 is rocked down and back substantially in consonance with the downand up movements of the hook through a link 91 connecting its arm 87with a crank 92 on a sleeve 93 arranged on the rock-shaft 80, saidsleeve carrying a crank 94 which is connected by a link 95 with a lever9G engaging a cam 97 on shaft f. (Levers 8l and 96 are fulcrumed in abracket 98 on shaft TO-Figs. 2 and -l-and they are connected with anextension 99 of said bracket-F 1 and 3-by a spring 100 holding themagainst their cams.)

Drive shaft c carries fast and loose pulleys 101 to receive a drivingbelt controlled by the belt shifter 102.

Operation-As explained, from face plate i1, the lay structure obtains amovement which produces what is in effect a whipping-up of the fillingto the fell of the cloth, the 'lay structure moving at accelerated speedforward and at slowing speed backward; substantially the same kind ofmovement is imparted to the warp to change the shed, since the liftinghook 26 derives its motion also from the same means as the laystructure(raising and lowering in alternation the two parts of the warp to formthe shed, due to the lifting hook being swung alternately to right andleft on descending, so as to lift first one and then the other harnessjack 21). The upper half of the warp descends to the plane of the lowerhalf to close the shed substantially simultaneously with the reedreaching its full forward position.

The picking motion occurs in altern, tion with the closing of the shed,since face plate L obviously rotates reverselv to face plate 7L andwrist pin j is passing over while wrist pin j is passing under thecenter of movement. As explained, ytlieadvance part of the pickingmovement is accelerating and its retracting part slowing in character,the same as in the case of the beating-up motion.

As to each complete cycle of movement of the two means-beating up andpickingeach begins while the other is in progress (to wit, abouthalf-way of the cycle), so that time is saved and the wear and tear andvibration are reduced, especially as the speed variance in each instanceis gradual in character.

Every other time the shuttlecarrier reaches its left-hand limit ofmotion it picks up the shuttle, leaving` it in the receiver theremaining times, the cam shoe 64 alternately preventing and failing toprevent automatic interlocking 0f the shuttle and receiver on succeedingpicks due to its act-ive state being established (from shaft f)intermittently on each two cycles of picking movement. y

So long as the detector of the working shuttle remains held retracted bythe filling its receiver 51 remains cooperatively alined with theshuttle carrier. But whenever the filling of such shuttle fails, and theshuttle therefore is left in its receiver with its detector protruding,said shuttle and its receiver are ejected and a fresh receiver andshuttle come into action thus: Hook 77 and lever 86h87 derive theirdownward Yimpulses (from cam shaft every two pickswhen the shuttle is inthe receiver. The detector of the spent shuttle beino' in obstructingrelation to lever arm 86, wehen the hook descends it is cammed by saidarm overand engages the arm 74: (which at any other time it 'wouldmiss), so that the rocker is first moved one way and then' (underinfluence of spring 75) the other, the spent shuttle and its receiverbeing delivered into hopper 76 and a fresh shuttle and receiver' cominginto cooperative relation to the shuttle carrier in the way alreadyexplained,

Each element c 7c serves as means to confine the free end 0f the pitmani (i)'to a path of oscillating movement. There is another feature ofthis mechanism, however, which aifects the action of the means to beactuated, and that is the fact that the path of oscillatingrmovement ofthe free end 0f the pitman is relatively offset at the end thereofremote from the driver L (or t) due to the path being an arc around thefulcrum of 7c (or c) as a center, being offset in the present case inthe direction of the acting lthrust of the actuated means, so that thewhipping motion is obviously accentuated. Y

Having thus fuly described my invention, what I claim as new and desireto securefby Letters Patent is 1. In a loom, the combination of arotating .driving element, a motion-transmitting pitman pvoted at oneend toan eccentric point of said element and approximating in length'thelength yof the radius from the center to said point of said element, aback-and-forth moving means controlling a part. of the material beingwoven and 0peratively connected to the free end of said pit-man, andmeans to confine the free end of the pitman to a path of oscillatorymovement extending away from said element.

2. In a loom, the combination of a rotating driving element, amotion-transmitting pitman pivoted at one end to an eccentric point ofsaid element and approximating in length the length of the radius fromthe center to said point of said element, a back-andforth moving meanscontrolling a part of the material being woven and operatively connectedto the free end of said pitman, and means to confine the free end of thepit-man to a curved path of oscillatory movement extending away fromsaid element.

3. In a loom, the combination of a rotating driving element, amotion-transmitting pitman pivoted at one end to an eccentric point ofsaid element and approximating in length the length of the radius fromthe center to said point of said element, a back-andforth moving meanscontrolling a part of the material being woven and operativelyVconnected to the free end of said pitman, and pivoted means to conneVthe free end of the pitman to a curved path of oscillatory movementextending away from said element. I

4. In a loom, the combination of a rotating driving element, amotion-transmitting pitman pivoted at one end to an eccentric point ofsaid element and approximating in length the length of the radius fromthe center to said point of said element, a backand-forth moving meanscontrolling a part of the material being woven and operatively connectedto the free end of said vpitman, and means to confine the free end ofthe pitman to a path of oscillatory movement extending away from saidelement and having its outer end relatively4 offset inthe direction ofthe acting thrust of said controlling means.

5. A weaving apparatus including, with instrumentalities to support andVadvance the warp and form therein the shed, and av lilling carriermovable forward and back through the shed, means .to move the c'arrierfrom one side of thewarp to the other and back at accelerating j speedapproximately to the limit of its movement inthe forward direction. y ly 6. A weaving apparatus including, with instrumentalities to supportand advance the warp and form therein the shed, a filling carriermovable forward and back through the shed, and; a-reedmovable vfor-.ward and back'to and from the cloth, means to move the carrierand'reedsimultaneously in ,relatively opposite directions yand eachataccelerating speed'fin the forward direcv 7. VA. weaving ,apparatusincluding, with instruinentahties to support and advance the warp yandform therein rvrthe shed, a'iill'- ing 'carrier movable forward and back8. A Aweaving apparatus including, with instrumentalities to support andadvance the warp and form therein the shed, a filling carrier movableforward and back through' the shed, and a reed movable forward and backto and from the cloth, means to move the carrier and reed simultaneouslyin rela-V tively opposite directions and each at accelerating speedapproximately to the limit of its movement in the forward direction andat slowing speed in the backward direction. Y

9. In combination, a'movable filling-supply, a filling-supply receiverat one side of the warp releasably holding the filling supply, means,located atthe other side of the warp and movable through the warp shedtoward and from the receiver, to withdraw the filling-supply from lthereceiver, carry it back and forth and redeposit it in the receiver, andmeans to reciprocate the first means. y

10. In combination, a movable filling-supply, a filling-supply receiverat one side of the warp releasably holding the filling-sup,- ply, means,including a carrier located at the other side of the warp and movablethrough Vthe warp shed toward and from the receiver, to withdraw thefilling-supply from the receiver, carry it back and forth` 11. Incombination, `reversely Vmovable 'Y harnesses controlling the warp, alfillingsupply receiver at vone side of the warp re- -leasably holdingthe filling-supply, means,

located at the other side of the warp and `,movable through the warpshed toward and fromthe receiver, to .withdraw the filling'- supplyfromthe receiver, carry it backand forthand redepositit inthe receiver,means togreciprocate the first means and means to reverselymov'e thevharnesses in alternation Y' with each Aforward-and-back stroke of thefirst-named means.

12. In combinationfa shuttle,4 a shuttle receiver at one side of thewarp releasably holding the shuttle, means, including t carrier locatedat the other side of the Warp und movable through the Warp shed towardand from the receiver',V to withdrew the shuttle from the receiver,carryit back and forth and redeposit it in the receiver, and alsoincluding a shuttle coupling means for the carrier, means to reciprocatethe carrier, and means to control the shuttle-coupling means. l 1e Intestimonywhereof I aflix my signature.

WILLIAM S. WELLS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, byaddressingthe Commissioner of Patents,V Washington, D. C.

